Mark Shagal
Mark Zagarovich Chagall was born on July 6, 1887 in the city of Vitebsk, Vitebsk province, now Belarus. His first teacher was Yudel Pan, from whom Chagall perceived the idea of a national artist; national temperament found expression in the features of its figurative system.
Chagall's artistic techniques are based on the visualization of Yiddish proverbs and the embodiment of Jewish folklore. Chagall introduces elements of Jewish interpretation even into the depiction of Christian subjects (The Holy Family, 1910, Chagall Museum; Dedication to Christ / Calvary /, 1912, Museum of Modern Art, New York, The White Crucifix, 1938, Chicago) - the principle to which he remained faithful until the end of his life.
The first canvases with liberated Jewish characters glorifying being, Chagall exhibited in 1914, at the first solo exhibition in Berlin. The farther, the more confident Chagall introduced Jewish folklore and Kabbalistic symbolism into his paintings, creating in his paintings a sense of the prayer joy of being.
The guiding element in the work of Marc Chagall was his national Jewish self-awareness, which was inextricably linked with painting for him. “If I were not a Jew, as I understand it, I would not be an artist or would be a completely different artist,” he formulated his position in one of the essays.
Over a long life, during which the painting style only slightly changed, and the creative impulse did not weaken for a minute, Chagall managed to spread his experience, skill and his imagination to different areas of artistic activity. In addition to artistic creativity, Chagall throughout his life published poems, journalistic essays and memoirs in Yiddish. Some of them were translated into Hebrew, Belarusian, Russian, English and French. Chagall also painted the ceiling of the Grand Opera in Paris.